Und maschinenfabrik sommerda aktiengesellschaft



A. KOTTMANN 1,846,207

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 26, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTB AUBJET KOTTMANF} A'TTL] P3P:

' Feb 23, 1932.

Feb. 23, 1932.

Av KOTTMANN CALCULATING MACHINE- Filed OCt. 26, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet I5 |N\/ENTE] KOTTMANN Adsdav- R- a mw -rrn RN 5% Feb.'23, 1932. A. KOTTMANN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 26; 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Feb. 23," 1932. KOTTMANN 1,846,207

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 2a, 1929 5 Sheets-Shet 5 INVENTEI AUGUST Korl rq bld Patented Feb. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AUGUST KOTTMANN, OF SOMMERDA, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM RHEINISCHE METALLWAAREN- UND MASCIIINENFABRIK SOMMERDA AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OF SOMMERDA, GERMANY, A CORPORATION ,OF GERMANY OALCULATING MACHINE Application filed October 26, 1929, Serial No.

The present invention relates to calculating'machines adapted to automatically perform divisions in which a differential gear selectively transfers the movement of a shaft driven, by a hand crank or motor to one or the other of two shafts one of which actuates the calculating drives while the other operates the transfer of the counting mechanism or the correction device.

The construction of the mechanism according to the invention for performing the divisions is more simple and easier and cheaper to manufacture than all known devices of this kind.

A substantial feature of the invention is the construction according to which the differential gear is controlled by a single looking memberguided in the frame of the machine which locking member cooperates with two counter locking members of the shafts of the differential gear.

As soon as this locking member engages the counter locking member of the one shaft of the differential gear it disengages from the other shaft of said gear. One of the two shafts of the differentialgear is, therefore, always locked, while the other is free. This locking member journalled in the machine frame is actuated at the one hand by the tens preparing member of the number wheel driven by.the highest order tens transfer member and at the other hand by the shaft of the correction device. The tens transfer member shifts the locking member into the position in which the driving shaft is locked and the shaft of the correction device is free, while this latter shaft, on release, always shifts the locking member back into the extreme opposite position before performing a complete revolution, whereby after the completion of a revolution the shaft of the correction device is locked again, so that generally the shaft of the correction device is locked and the driving shaft is free, whereas the other condition always may prevail for the duration of.one revolution only.

The movement of the correction shaft is transferred to the correction device or to the feed device of the counting mechanism. The connection of the correction shaft to one or 402,577, and in Germany November 22, 1928.

the other device is effected by two disengageable couplings. Both couplings are shifted simultaneously with the'locking member controlling the differential gear by the tens preparing member of the number disk moved by the tens transfer member and the arrangement is such, that the coupling moving the feed device may engage only if previously a member, moved by the correction device, has been brought out of the path of movement of such coupling.

In the accompanying drawings the invention is shown by way of example.

Fig. 1 illustrates a plan view of the machine according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation; Fig. 3 shows a detail; Fig. 4 is a side view of the correction device; Fig. 5 is a detail; Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through the differential gear; Figs. 7 and 8 show elevations of the counter locking members of the shafts of the differential gear; Figs. 9, 10 and 11 are views similar to Figs. 2, 5 and 4, respectively, but showing the parts in a different position; Figs. 12 and 13 show details; and Fig. 14 is a plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 5.

As shown in Fig. 6 the differential gear is arranged at the plate 2 of the calculating ma-v chine frame by means of a bearing provided in a bracket 1. The differential gear may be driven by a motor, but in the example illustrated it is driven by a crank 3 arranged upon a shaft 5 which is journalled in a crank bracket 4. Upon the shaft 5 a bevel gear 7 is keyed engaging a bevel gear 8 which in turn is rigidly connected to the gear wheel 9. Both wheels 8 and 9 are rotatably mounted upon the main driving shaft 10. The toothed wheel 9 meshes with a toothed wheel 11 rigidly connected by means of the shaft 12 to the casing 13 of the differential gear. Through the slots 14 of the casing 13 the rotatable bevel wheels 18 of the differential gear are entrained which are connected together by the middle portion 16 rotatably mounted upon the shaft 15. The rotatable bevel gears 18 at the one side engage a bevel wheel 19 rigidly mounted upon the correction shaft and at the other side cooperate with a bevel wheel 20 which together with the toothed wheel 21 forms a hollow intermediate shaft 20a. The shaft 20a is loosely mounted upon the shaft 15 and drives the main driving shaft by means of the toothed wheels 21 and 23. In the usual manner the shafts 26 of the stepped drums are driven from the main drive shaft by means of the pairs of bevel wheels 24, 25. As soon as one of the shafts or a is locked, the other rotates with double the number of revolutions of the casing 13 of the differential gear. The toothed wheel 11 has double the number of the teeth of the gear wheel 9, so that, in spite of the differential, one revolution of the driving crank corresponds to one revolution of the shaft 15 or 20a.

The device for locking one or the other of the shafts of the differential gear comprises a locking slide 27 guided in the bearing bracket 1 of the differential gear. This locking slide 27 is shifted, in a manner to be described later,

by the tens preparing member of the number disk moved by the last tens transfer member.

' The slide 27 cooperates with two locking disks 22 and 30 the first of which is mounted upon the hollow intermediate shaft 20a, while the other is arranged upon the correction shaft 15. In Fig. 6 the slide 27 is so positioned, that its nose or projection 28 engages the notch or groove 22a of the disk 22, so that the hollow intermediate shaft 20a and also the main driving shaft 10 are locked, while the correction shaft 15 is free and therefore is rotated. As soon, however, as the correction shaft 15 rotates, the inclined or bevelled nose or projection 29 of the locking disk 30 rigidly mounted upon the correction shaft 15 cooperates with the inclined surface 31 of the locking slide 27 and shifts the latter, so that at the end of the first revolution of the correction shaft 15 the nose 32 of the slide 27 engages the recess 33 of the disk 30. The correction shaft 15 is therefore, as soon as it is released, automatically locked again after having made one revolution.

The shifting device of the counting mechanism of the machine comprises, as will be seen from Fig. 1, a toothed rail 49 arranged at the carriage 52 of the counting mechanism.

Two pins 47a of a disk 47 engage the spaces of the rail 49, so that each time the disk 47 makes half a revolution the slide of the counting mechanism will be shifted for a distance equal to the distance between two adjacent spaces of the toothed rail. By means of pins 51 the toothed rail 49 is, as shown in Fig. 2, pivotally arranged in the bearings 50. Usually a spring 54 holds'the rail 49 in engagement with the pins 47a. I dle53 the rail 49 may, however, be adjusted so as to come out of engagement with the pins 47 a. The machine is, moreover, provided with means by which, in the Zero-position of the driving shaft, the reversing gears of the resultand revolution-counting mechanisms are brought out of engagement. Therefo By means of a han if the toothed rail'49 is brought out of enoccupies the neutral position, the counting mechanism may freely be shifted in both directions. The disk 47 is driven by the shaft 15, as will be described later.

If the divisor has been subtracted from the dividend once more than it does go into it, a correction device such asshown and described in U. S. Patent No. 1,688,531 shifts the reversing gears of the resultand revolution-counting mechanisms for rotation of the counting mechanisms in the reverse direction for the duration of one revolution of the driving shaft 10 by which, the over-subtraction in the result mechanism and the corresponding wrongly indicated rotationin the revolution counting mechanism are cancelled. The cor-' rection device includes a correction lever (Figs. 4 and 5, the rest of the device not bein shown), which is provided with a curve slot 71 into which engages a pin 72 carried by the lever 73. By this means the lever 73 adj usting the species of the calculation (addi tion, multiplication, subtraction and division) is shifted by the correction lever 70. The correctiondevice is, as will be described later, actuated by the correction shaft 15 through the medium of a lever 74 hinged to the correction lever 70 and generally held by to the shaft 35, as well as the great bevel gear 38 (Figs. 1-5) are rotated which is provided with three rollers 39a, 396, 390. The bevel gear 38 is rotatably mounted upon the shaft 40 and, for the purpose indicated above, this wheel is provided at its hub face with coupling te eth'41. I

The rollers 39a, 39?), 390 and the lever 74, hinged to the correction lever 70, together form the first coupling for actuating the correction device. The coupling teeth 41' cooperate with the engaging piece 42 which is longitudinally shiftable but not rotatably mounted upon the shaft 40 and these teeth together with the member 42 form the second coupling moving the feed device of the counting mechanism. Both couplings are actuated nose or projection 58 releases the nose of the angle lever 59, whereupon the spring 61 swings this lever about its pivot point 62. Hereby two control operations are effected simultaneously. On the one hand a push rod 64 hinged to the lever 59 and guided in the holding member 67 is moved longitudinally and a lateral inclined surface (Fig. 3) of this rod 64 acts upon an inclined surface 66 at the end of the slide 27 controlling the differential gear, whereby this slide 27 also is moved, and on the other hand the coupling member 42 is shifted towards the bevel gear 38 by means of a downwardly bentfork 63 (Figs. 1, 2, 3) provided at the end of the vertical arm of the angle lever 59. The coupling member 42 may, however, not yet be shifted so far that it comes into engagement with the coupling teeth 41 of the bevel wheel 38, as the ring or collar 76 (Figs. 4 and 9) of thecoupling member 42 is locked by the pawl 77 provided on the lever 74 arranged at the correction lever 70. The coupling member 42 shifts the lever 74 for a short distance only, so that the laterally bent end 74?) (Fig. 5) of the lever 74 comes into the path of the rollers 39a, 39b, 39c carried by the bevel gear 38. As simultaneously with the coupling member 42 the locking slide 27 of the differential gear is shifted in such a manner, that now the correction shaft 15 is free, the bevel gear-38 starts to rotate in the very moment in which the lever 74 comes in the path of the rollers 39a, 39b, 390. As the bevel wheel 37 drives the bevel wheel 38 in the ratio of 1: 3 and as the correction shaft 15 is free to rotate for one revolution only, the bevel wheel 38 makes one third of a revolution. The roller 390, therefore, engages under the end 746 of the lever 74 and lifts the lever 74 and the correction lever 7 0, (Figs. 11 and 12) whereby the reversal gears of the resultand revolutioncounting mechanisms, not shown in the drawings, are reversed in the manner illustrated in the above-mentioned patent. As the bevel wheel 38 makes a third of a revolution only, the roller 39c comes to rest after it has reached the position occupied up to the present by the roller 39a (see Fig. 5). The correction lever 70, therefore, remains at present in the lifted position.

On lifting the lever 74, the pawl 77 come-s out of engagement with the collar 76 of the coupling member 42 before the bevel gear 38 has completed one third of a revolution, so that still during this rotation the coupling member 43 bears with its coupling teeth against the coupling teeth 41 of the bevel wheel 38. A rotation ofthe shaft 40 can, however, not be performed, because three coupling teeth only are carried by the coupling member 42 as Well as by the bevel wheel 38 the heads of which teeth lie against each other if the coupling member 42 is released only after the bevel wheel has been rotated already about a certain angle. The shaft 40 could, therefore, only be rotated if the bevel wheel 38 would be rotated for a.

the lever 7 4 out of engagement with the roller:

390, because the projecting rim 74b (Figs. 4 and 5) of the lateral bent portion 74a of the lever 74 engages behind the head of the roller 390. Only if, during a further rotation of the great level wheel 38, the roller 390 runs off the end 74a of the lever 74 the latter swings back into the position shown in Fig. 4, so that only now can the correction device return to its original position. The lever 59 carries, as will be seen from Fig. 2, a downwardly extending projection 81 with which a pin 79, carried by a disk 80 mounted upon the main drive shaft 10, may cooperate to lift the lever 59 again, whereupon the lever 59 is locked again in the raised position by means of the yoke 57.

This lifting of the lever 59 by means of the disk 80 and the pin 79 is possible, because the tens transfer device comes into action only after the number value inserted by the keys has been transferred into-the counting mechanisms. Moreover, the tens transfer is effected in the different parts of the machine successively and in the highest order this transfer occurs last. The tens preparing member of the highest order of the counting mechanism, therefore, acts only if the shaft 10 has nearly completed its revolution, whereas the pin 79 already earlier lifts the lever 59. During the same revolution of the disk 80 and the shaft 10, therefore, the lever 59 may belifted first and immediately afterwards released again.

If, with the correction lever raised, that is to say, with the pawl 77 occupying a position out of the path of movement of the coupling member 42 (Fig. 11), the lever 59 is again released by the tens preparing member 55 of the highest disk of the counting mech anism, the spring 61 brings the coupling member 42 into engagement with the teeth 41 of the bevel gear 38 before the rotation of this gear 38 starts. Hereby the correction shaft 15 which again was released by the locking slide 27 simultaneously with the commencement of the displacement of the coupling member 42 will be connected to the shaft 40, so that this shaft 40 drives, by way of the bevel gears 44, 45 (Fig. 2) and the shaft 46, the disk 47 of the feed device of the counting mechanism. The ratio of gear between the bevel wheels 44 and 45 is 3:2, so that, if the bevel wheel 38 and the shaft 40 make a third of a revolution, the disk 47 performs half a revolution and the counting ISO mechanism is shifted for one order or denomination.

For performing a division, the calculating machine according to the invention is used in the following manner:

In the result mechanism the dividend is set and the divisor is set in the setting mechanism below the highest orders of the dividend. The lever 73 is adjusted to the position for Subtraction-division as shown in transfer member comes to action. This is the case in the moment in which the divisor is subtracted from the dividend once more than it really goes into it. At this moment the lever 59 is released, whereby the slide 27, the

coupling member 42 and the lever 74 are displaced. Consequently the driving shaft is locked, the correction shaft is released and the lever 74 is, by means of the collar 76 of the coupling member 42-and of the pawl 77, urged into the path of the rollers 39a, 39b, 39c, and the correction device is brought into its operative position as described.

After one revolution of the correction shaft which corresponds to one third of a revolution of the great bevel wheel 38, said correction shaft is locked again, whereas the driving shaft is released again. As the gears of the resultand revolution-counting mechanisms are reversed by the correction device, the divisor is added once to the dividend and simultaneously that number disk of the revolution counting mechanism which in this operation has been rotated is rotated backwardly in such amanner, that the indicated number value is reduced by one. During the single addition of the divisor to the dividend the number wheel, driven by the highest tens transfer member and previously rotated from O to 9, is returned again from 9 to 0, whereby the lever 59 is again released.

As lever 7 4 is still held in its raised position by roller 3 90 pawl 77 is positioned out of the path of movement of the collar 76, and the coupling member 42 comes into engagement with the coupling teeth, carried by the hub,

of the bevel Wheel 38, before the wheel 38 starts to rotate, so that, as simultaneously with the coupling member 42 the locking slide '27 at the dilferential'gear has been shifted and the correction shaft 15 starts to rotate, the shaft 40 is now rotated for one third of a revolution and the feed of the counting mechanism is effected. Simultaneously the roller 390 leaves the end 746 of the lever 74, so that the correction device returns to its original position. All parts of ce )tin the countin 'ear carria e which is b D C C shifted for one denomination. The same operations are repeated until the division is completely performed. It will be understood that a slide 56 is provided for each position of the calculating mechanism. The yoke 57 is always operated by the slide 56 of that number disk which at any position of the counting mechanism' carriage is driven by the highest tens transfer cam.

What I claim is:

1. In a calculating machine adapted to antomatically perform .divisions, in combination, amain driven shaft, a counting mechanism, a feed device for said counting mechanism, a correction device, a differential gear actuated by said main "shaft, a shaft actuated by said differential gear and driving said counting mechanism, a second shaft, also actuated by said difierential gear, for driving alternately said correct-ion device and said feed device for said counting mechanism, a locking member associated with each of said two shafts driven by said differential gear, and a locking slide cooperating with said locking members and controlling said dif ferential gear, said locking slide being so arranged with regard to said two locking members that it engages the locking member associated with one shaft of said differential gear as soon as it comes out of engagement with the locking member associated with the other shaft of said diiferential gear in such a manner, that always one of the shafts of said differential gear is locked and the other free.

2. In a calculating machine adapted to automa'tically perform divisions and including a counting mechanism having a plurality of number wheels, a tenstransfer member for each of said number wheels, and a tens preparing member for each of said number wheels, in combination, a main driven shaft, a feed device for said counting mechanism, a correction device, a differential gear actuated by said main shaft, a shaft actuated by said differential gear and driving said counting mechanism, a second shaft, also actuated by said differential gear, for driving alternately said correction device and said feed device, locking members provided at each of said two shafts driven by said differential gear, a slide actuated by the tens preparing member of the number wheel of highest order, a yoke connected to said slide, a correction lever having anose adapted to engage said yoke, a locking slide operatively connected to. said first-mentioned slide, a coupling device arranged between said correction lever and said feeding device for said counting mechanism and also operatively to be brought in and out the connected to said first-mentioned slide, a pawl adapted to be shifted by said correction device and to be brought in and out the path of movement of said coupling device, sald locking slide being influenced by said tens preparing member of highest order as well as by saidshaft alternately influencing sald correction device and said feed device of said counting mechanism and being so arranged with regard to said two locking members on said shafts that it engages the locking member at the one shaft of said differential gear as soon as it comes out of engagement with the locking member at the other shaft of said differential gear in such a manner, that always one of the shafts of said differential gear is locked and the other free. 7

3. In a calculating machine adapted to automatically perform divisions and including a counting mechanism having a plurality of number wheels, a tens transfer member for each of said number wheels, and a tens preparing member for each of said number wheels, in combination, a main driven shaft, a feed device for said counting mechanism, a correction device, a differential gear actuated by said main shaft, a shaft actuated by said differential gear and driving said counting mechanism, a second shaft, also actuated by said differential gear, for driving alternately said correction device and said feed device, locking members provided at each of said two shafts driven by said differential gear, a slide actuated by the tens preparing member of the number wheel of highest order, ayoke connected to said slide, a correction lever having a nose adapted to engage said yoke, a locking slide operatively connected to said first-mentioned slide, a coupling device arranged between said correction lever and said feeding device for said counting mechanism and also operatively connected to said first-mentioned slide, a pawl adapted to be shifted by said correction device and path of movement of said coupling device, said locking slide being influenced by said tens preparing member of highest order as well as by said second shaft,the arrangement being such that said locking slide is so shifted by said tens preparingmember of highest order, that said correction shaft will be released and the said driving shaft, for the counting mechanism will be locked, and means whereby said lock ing slide is returned to its original position by said correction shaft before the latter has completed one revolution, so that said count-' ing mechanism driving shaft is locked always for the duration of one revolution of said correction shaft only, while the latter is alwalys free for the duration of one revolution on y.

4. In a calculating machine adapted to automatically perform divisions and including a counting mechanism having a plurality of gear, a slide actuated by number wheels, a tens transfer member for each of said number wheels, and a tens preparing member for each of said number wheels, in combination, a main driven shaft, a feed device for said counting mechanism, a correction device, a differential gear actuated by said main shaft, a shaft actuated by said differential gear and driving said counting mechanism, a second shaf also actuated by said differential gear, for driving alter nately said correction device and said feed device, locking members provided at each of said two shafts driven by said differential the tens preparing member of the number wheel of highest order, a yoke connected to said slide, a correction lever having a nose adapted to engage said yoke, a locking slide operatively connected to said first-mentioned slide, two couplings, one of which transfers the movement of said correction shaft to said correction'device, while the other transfers movement to said feed device, a pawl adapted to be shifted by said correction device and to be brought in and out the path of movement of one of said couplings, said locking slide being influenced by said tens preparing member of highest order as well as by said second shaft, the arrangement being such, that said coupling between said correction shaft and said feed device may only be engaged if said pawl has been brought out of its path of movement which occurs trolling said correction device is engaged, the said pawl being held out of the path of movement of the said coupling controlling the feed of said counting mechanism until, after com.- pletion of a correction, said feed device of said counting mechanism becomes active again.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

AUGUST KO TTMANN.

as soon as said coupling con- 

